Oxytocin produced by the placenta can stimulate some uterine contractility 9, 10. While the action of prostaglandins primarily prompt labor onset, the latter stages of labor (active and expulsive/second stage and placental delivery) are more dependent upon oxytocin, as a potent uterotonic hormone 5– 8. These proteins include oxytocin receptor (OXTR), gap junction (Connexin-43) and several isoforms of prostaglandin receptor 2– 4. The myometrium of the uterus consists of layers of smooth muscle that utilize several proteins to generate coordinated and rhythmic contractions that may last from hours to days throughout the process of parturition. Successful physiologic parturition resulting in vaginal birth of an infant, placenta and survival of the mother depends upon effective uterine contractility 1. This research could lead to improvements in how versions of oxytocin are used during the birth process by using the amount of oxytocin receptor gene methylation to predict people who may have problems with uterine contractions or bleeding. These findings identify that certain problems during birth may be related to oxytocin receptor gene methylation. Higher methylation was also linked to needing greater amounts of oxytocin during labor to achieve vaginal birth and control bleeding. We found that the those who bled more during childbirth had higher oxytocin receptor gene DNA methylation compared to those who had normal bleeding. The oxytocin receptor gene, which enables the body to use oxytocin, can be altered by a chemical modification called DNA methylation. Synthetic oxytocin is used as a medicine for stimulating or increasing uterine contractions and controlling bleeding after birth. Oxytocin is a hormone produced by the body during childbirth and can cause contractions of the uterus (womb).
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